Thanks to chaos' answer above, and here is a one-line script adding suffix to image files missing file extensions using file , just in case anyone needs:. Sign up to join this community. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. How are file types known if not from file suffix?
Ask Question. Asked 6 years, 7 months ago. Active 1 year, 2 months ago. Viewed 6k times. I would like to know how file types are known if filenames don't have suffixes. Improve this question. Gilles 'SO- stop being evil' k gold badges silver badges bronze badges. Niklas Rosencrantz Niklas Rosencrantz 3, 4 4 gold badges 30 30 silver badges 53 53 bronze badges.
Just a comment, the rest of the answers cover everything. Nowadays it may happen that with a misconfigured locale or old executables, some utf-8 files may be misdetected as binary data due to non-ascii bytes.
The system doesn't care. Certain applications may care, but they each have their own ways of handling this. Note that even for regular files not device files, unix domain sockets, named pipes, etc "file type" can mean two different things: 1 A particular file format ".
It's worth keeping that distinction in mind when talking about "file type". It's the system that complains you can't execute a non-executable file when you try to, not those applications! Add a comment. Active Oldest Votes. The file utility determines the filetype over 3 ways: First the filesystem tests : Within those tests one of the stat family system calls is invoked on the file.
So, you see there is no need for a suffix. A suffix anyway could confuse, if set wrong. Improve this answer. Jules Lamur 1 1 silver badge 6 6 bronze badges. There's also the freedesktop. The Geek Stuff welcomes your tips and guest articles. I did not know this — less is indeed powerful. Am fairly new to linux, your post are quite valuable for me. This is awesome. Jeroen, Thanks a lot for giving links to the lesspipe project.
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Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. All rights reserved Terms of Service. There are over standard commands plus numerous others provided through 3 rd party software.
All the commands come along with various options. All files are then organized into directories. These directories are further organized into a tree-like structure called the filesystem. If you have a computer which has the Unix operating system installed in it, then you simply need to turn on the system to make it live. As soon as you turn on the system, it starts booting up and finally it prompts you to log into the system, which is an activity to log into the system and use it for your day-to-day activities.
Have your userid user identification and password ready. Contact your system administrator if you don't have these yet. Your userid is case-sensitive , so be sure you type it exactly as your system administrator has instructed. Your password is also case-sensitive. If you provide the correct userid and password, then you will be allowed to enter into the system. Read the information and messages that comes up on the screen, which is as follows.
All Unix systems require passwords to help ensure that your files and data remain your own and that the system itself is secure from hackers and crackers.
Always keep your password complex enough so that nobody can guess it. Add a comment. Active Oldest Votes. Improve this answer. In your example, you shell succeeded at launching a sh interpreter to interpret that file, and that sh interpreter succeeded at interpreting that file interpreting all the lines in that file as sh s do interpret and run code as they read it as it was in valid sh syntax, but it failed to find the a,silly,file command.
As that was the only line in that file, the exit status was , so a failure exit status. Am I saying something that would contradict that? The shell is trying to execute the "commands" found in the "script", as it should, and fails since there is no valid command.
The fact that the csv file caused an error during its execution does not negate that the csv was executed. This seems a matter of semantics as you could also argue that it is only the sh interpreter that is executing.
Suffice it to say, your primary point of the file permission is separate from it being a file able to be executed is correct. Coming up with an example that no-one on the internet will respond with "Well actually The first line is! Sign up or log in Sign up using Google.
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