By doing so you will greatly increase your chances of recognizing the pattems present in all Critical Reasoning questions, This book also contains a variety of drills and exercises that supplement the discussion of techniques and question analysis. The drills help strengthen Specific skills that are critical for GMAT excellence, and for this reason they are as important as the questions.
In the answer keys to these drills we will often introduce and discuss important GMAT points, so we strongly advise you to read through all explanations, On page there is a complete quick-reference answer key to all problems in this book. The answer key contains a legend of question identifiers, as well as chapter-by-chapter answer keys.
Because access to accurate and up-to-date information is critical, we have devoted a section of our website to Critical Reasoning Bible students. This free online resource arc offers supplements to the book material, answers questions posed by students, offers study plans, and provides updates as needed.
Additional contact information is provided at the end of this book, We look forward to hearing from you! It does not, however, presuppose any specific evetne stl Knowledge of business or other specific content areas, nor does it measure prone: : achievement in any particular subject areas. An optional break of 5 minutes is allowed between each section, and so the order of the test sections is always identical: Analytical Writing Assessment Analysis of an Issue 30 minutes I question Analysis of an Argument 30 minutes L question : Break S minutes.
Quantitative Section Although the minute breaks are optional, you Data Sufficiency 75 minutes 37 questions ——— ara entire break tirre in roblem Solving order to avold fatique. The AWA consists of two essays, and you have thirty minutes to complete cach essay. There is no break between the two sections. The two essay topics are Analysis of an Argument and Analysis of an Issue. More specifically, the Analysis of an Issue task tesis your ability to explore the complexities of an issue or opinion and, if appropriate, to take a position informed by your understanding of those complexities.
The final score of each essay are then averaged together to create an overall score on a scale from 0 to 6, in half-point increments.
There are two question types—Problem Solving and Deta Sufficiency Problem Solving questions contain five separate answer choices, each of which offers a different solution to the problem. Approximately 22 ofthe 37 Quantitative section questions will be in the Problem Solving format. Data Sufficiency questions consist of a question followed by two numbered statements.
You must determine if the numbered statements contain sufficient information to solye the problem— individually, together, or not st all. Reading Comprehension questions examine your ability to analyze large amounts of material for content and understanding. Passages range upto ; words in length, and each passage is accompanied by 3 to 8 questions.
Passage topics are drawn from a variety of areas, including business, science, politi law, and history. Within the Verbal Section you will encounter approximately 1 to 14 Critical Reasoning questions. Esch Sentence Correction problom presents a sentence containing an underlined section. Five answer choices follow the problem, and each suggests a possible phrasing of the underlined section, The first answer choice is a repeat of the underlined section, and the remaining four answers are different than the original.
Your task is to analyze the underlined section and determine which of the answers offers the best phrasing. Unfortunately, you will not be informed during the test as ar?
Consequently, only one question at a time is presented, the order of questions is not predetermined, and the test sotually responds to your answers and shapes the exam in order to most efficiently arrive at your proper score.
For example, the first question in the Verbal or Quantitative section will bea medium difficulty question. Ifanswered correctly, the computer will supply a somewhat harder question on the assumption that your score is somewhere above that level, 1 this nest question is answered correctly, the following question will again be more difficult.
This process continues until 2 question is missed. A strong beginning followed by a weak finish will produce a higher score than a weak beginning followed by a strong finish. For this reason it is essential that your performance early in the section be as sirong as possible, even if this requires using more than the average time allotted per question.
In order to move forward in the test you must answer the questian on the screen. If you do not know the answer, you mus: make an educated guess. Thus, since the number of questions answered is incorporated into the calculation of scores, itis essential that you complete every question in each section.
There is a strong penalty for leaving questions unanswered, and so it is better to miss a question than to leave it unanswered. Although not ll of your pructice needs to be timed, you should attempt to do as many questions as possible under timed conditions. Time pressure is the top concern cited by test takers, and practicing with a timer will help acquaint you with the challenges of the test. Afterall, ifthe GMAT was a take-home test, no one would be too worried about it.
When practicing with a timer, keep notes about how many questions you lert sient: complete in a given amount of time.
You should vary your approach so that courtaenm timers practice does not become boring, For example, you could track how long it canbepurcheses lakes to complete 3, 5, or 8 questions. Trying different approaches will help you ae et the best sense of how fast you can go while still maintaining a high degree of accuracy. A timer is invaluable because itis both an odometer and speedometer for your practice. With sufficient practice you will begin to esiablish a comfortable Critical Reasoning speed and the timer allows you to make sure you are maintaining this pace.
Several sheets of scraich paper will be supplied by the seratch papor test administrator, and more sheets can be requested during the exam. In addition, in the Analytical Writing Sections, your typing ability affects overall performance, and thus you must have at least basic typing skills. The final scores of each essay are then averaged together to create an overall score. The to test scale contains 61 different possible scores. Fach score places a student in a certain relative position compared to other test takers.
These relative positions arc represented through a percentile that correlates to ie Sperm to 7 rerernber that each score. The percentile indicates where the test taker ranks in the overall evuaneL noe.
For example, a score of represents the 90th percentile, Yoanewer every meaning a student with a score of scored better than 90 percent of the question People who have taken the test in the last two years. The percentile is critical correct n order since it isa true indicator of your positioning relative to other test takers, and Se excellent: GMAT score.
Tereis room for error, thus business school applicants. Experts agree that your GMAT score is one of the most important determinants of the type of school you can attend. Asa standardized test currently given in the computer adaptive format there are a number of skills that the GMAT cannot measure, including listening skills, note- taking ability, perseverance, ete.
GMAC is aware of these limitations and on an regular basis they war all business school admission offices about using the GMAT scores as the sole admission criterion. Still, because the test ultimately returns a number for each student, the tendency to rank applicants is strong, Fortunately, once yon get to business school the GMAT is forgotten. For the time being consider the test a temporary hurdle you must leap in order to reach the ultimate goal. When the total time allotted is weighed against the total number of questions in the Verbal section, pares es you have an average of approximately one minute and forty-five seconds to 46 seconds to compiete each question.
Of course, the amount of time you spend on each complete each question will vary withthe difficulty of each question. If choses botore you read only one or two answer choices and then decide you have the correct decing whic one, you could end up choosing an answer that has some merit but is not as answer is good as a later answer. The implication is that you can make some assumptions when working with questions, but not oher assumptions.
Thequactionto theright le presented for domonetration purposes only. Even outside of the GMAT, the test makers do not clearly state what assumptions are acceptable or unacceptable for you to make, mainly because such a list would be almost infinite, For GMAT purposes, approaching each question you can take as true any statement or idea that an average person would be expected to believe on the basis of generally known and accepted facts.
For example, in a question you can assume that the sky sometimes becomes cloudy, but you cannot assume that the sky is always cloudy unless stated explicitly by the question. GMAT questions will not require you to make assumptions based on extreme ideas such as that it always rains in Seattle or ideas not in the gencral domain of knowledge such as the per capita income of residents of France.
Please note that this does not mean that the GMAT cannot set up scenarios where they discuss ideas that are extreme or outside the bounds of common knowledge. Within a Critical Reasoning question, the test makers can and do discuss complex or extreme ideas; in these cases, they will give you context for the situation by providing additional information.
However, be careful about assuming something to be true unless you believe itis a widely accepted fact or the test makers indicate you should believe it to be true. This last idea is one we will discuss in much more detail as we look at individual question types. The Parts of a Critical Reasoning Question Every Critical Reasoning question contains three separate parts: the stimulus, the question stem, and the five answer choices. The following diagram identifies eact part 1.
Most serious studenis are happy students, and most : serious students go to graduate school. Furthermore Stimulus. Most overworked students are happy students B Some happy students are overworkec. However, for the convenience of discussion, throughout this book we will present problems with the answer choices lettered A through F. Should I alien preview the five answer choices?
Although this may seer like a reasonable, even obvious, approacii we mention it here because some GMAT texts advocate reading the question stem before reading the stimulus. We are certain that these texts are seriously mistaken, and here are a few reasons why: 1, Understanding the stimulus is the key to answering any question, and reading the question stem first tends to undermine the ability of students to fully comprehend the information in the stimulus.
On casy questions this distraction tends not to have a significant negative impact, but on more dificult questions the student often is forced to read the stimulus twice in order to get full comprehension, thus wasting valuable time. The bottom line is that any viable strategy must be effective for questions at all difficulty levels, but when you read the question stem first you cannot perform optimally. True, the approach works with the easy questions, but those questions could have been answered correctly regardless of the approach used.
Reading the question stem first often wastes valuable time since the typical student will read the stem, then read the stimulus, and then read the stem again. Unfortunately, there simply is not enough time to read every question stem twice. Some question stems refer to information given in the stimulus, or add new conditions to the stimulus information. Thus, reading the stem first is of little value and often confuses or distracts the student when he or she goes to read the stimulus.
On stimuli with two questions, reading one stem biases the reader to look for that specific information, possibly causing problems while doing the second question, and reading both stems hefore reading the stimulus wastes entirely too much time and leads to confusion, 5. For truly knowledgeable test takers there are situations that arise where the question stem is fairly predictable. One example and there are others —is inour experience, with a question type called Resolve the Paradox.
Usually, when you read the te vast marley stimulus that accompanies these questions, an obvious paradox or gies discrepancy is presented. Reading the question stem beforehand does not add vende anes anything to what you would lave known just from reading the stimulus.
However, lest data show that questions of any type can be hard or easy, Some Parallel Reasoning questions are phenomenally easy whereas some Parallel Reasoning questions are extremely difficult, In short, the question stem is a poor indicator of difficulty because question difficulty is more directly related to the complexity of the stimulus and the corresponding answer choices.
Understandably, reading the question stem before the stimulus sounds like a g00d idea at first, but for the majority of studenis especially those trying to score in the s and above , the approach is a hindrance, nota help.
Solid test performance depends on your ability to quickly comprehend complex argumentation; do not make your task harder by reading the question stem first. Analyzing the Stim s As you read the stimulus, initially focus. What area has the author chosen to write about? For example, say you work in a real estate office and you come acroxs.
You can use your work experience and knowledge of real esiate to help you betier understand what the author is discussing, but do not assume that things will operate in the stimulus exactly as they do at your workplace. From our earlier discussion of commonsense assumptions we know that you can assume that basic, widely-held facts will hold true in the GMAT world, but by the same token, you cannot assume that specialized information that you have learned in the real world will hold true on the GMAT.
The makers of the GMAT have extraordinarily high expectations about the level of detail you should retain when you read a stimulus.
Many questions will test your Knowledge of small, seemingly nitpicky variations in phrasing, and reading carelessly is GMAT suicide. Every test taker is placed at the nexus of two competing elements: the need for speed caused by the timed element and the need for patience caused by the detailed reading requirement , How well you manage these two elements strongly determines how well you perform.
In the previous chapter we discussed how to practice using time elements, so make sure to use those ideas as you work through practice questions both in this book and in your other test materials a GMAT Finally, analyze the structure of the stimulus: what pieces are present andhow arqumerttion je do those pieces relate to each other? In short, you are tasked with knowing as one of the main much as possible about the statements made by the author, and in order to do so, Rayo te beak, and will ke cussed in every chapsen you must understand how the test makers create GMAT arguments, We will discuss argumentation in more detail in a moment.
Stimulus Topics The spectrum of topics covered by Critical Reasoning stimuli is quite broad. Here are the notes I have been taking from Powerscore CR Bible and its been helping me a lot and definitely shooting up Jul 03, See more results PDF - …https ebooks.
Killoran with Rakuten Kobo. Now, I know why everyone recommends this book. This is a must have for all GMAT takers. I was able to improve my verbal from 36 to 40 after reading this book. Reference Books at mazon. Free Shipping on Qualified Orders. The Thrill of the Chase.
Your browser indicates if you've visited this link [David M. Killoran] on com. Its purpose is to help you better understand the ideas presented in the Sentence Correction Bible, Critical Reasoning Bible, and Reading Comprehension Bible, and to allow you to practice the application of our methods and techniques. Of course, the GMAC does not hand out a list of what constitutes a reasonable assumption!
Even outside of the GMAT, the test makers do not clearpowerscore. More results: Book ReviewYour browser indicates if you've visited this linkThe following book review was written by Dana Jinaru. More results PDF - Ebooks More results - Kobo. More resultspowerscore eBayYour browser indicates if you've visited this link4. Killoranhttps rover. More results: David M Your browser indicates if you've visited this link and over one million other books are available for Kindle.
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